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About kazakhstan
- The Republic of Kazakhstan
- Kazakhstan is a country with a rich historical past, a land of great opportunities, seeking to become one of the most competitive economies in the world.
- The Republic of Kazakhstanis a unitary state with a presidential form of government.
- Kazakhstan became an independent state on December 16, 1991. The capital is Astana city. The official language is Kazakh, while Russian has the status of a lingua franca. The currency unit is tenge.
The government of Kazakhstan has three branches: the executive, the legislative, and the judicial.
The executive branch
– the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan
The legislative branch
– the Parliament comprising the Senate (Upper House) and the Majilis (Lower House)
The judicial branch
– the Supreme Court and local court system
The country’s administrative and territorial structure consists of 17 regions and 3 cities of national significance, namely Astana, Almaty and Shymkent.
The Peoples of the Republic of Kazakhstan
The population of Kazakhstan exceeds 20 million people. Kazakhstan is a multinational, secular country with a population comprising about 130 ethnic groups.
Population of Kazakhstan by ethnicity:
- Kazakhs – 70,4%
- Russians – 15,5%
- Uzbeks – 3,2%
- Ukrainians – 2%
- Uygurs – 1.5%
- Germans – 1,2%
- Tatars – 1,1%
- Others – 5,1%.
Kazakhstan is the largest landlocked country in the world. Deserts and semi-deserts make up most of the country’s territory, comprising 44% and 14% respectively. Steppes occupy 26% of the territory, while forests cover 5.5%. Kazakhstan boasts 8.5 thousand rivers as well as 48 thousand large and small lakes. The largest lakes are Balkhash, Zaisan and Alakol. Kazakhstan has a continental climate.
Kazakhstan has a unique mineral resource base. The World Bank estimates that there are over 5000 unexplored deposits still present in Kazakhstan, valued at over 46 trillion dollars. Kazakhstan is first in the world in explored reserves of zinc, tungsten and barite, second in silver, lead and chromite, third in copper and fluorite, fourth in molybdenum and sixth in gold.
Kazakhstan also has significant oil and gas resources. The country is ranked ninth globally in proven oil reserves, which are concentrated in the western regions. Additionally, Kazakhstan ranks eighth in the world in coal reserves and second in uranium reserves.
Kazakhstan is also among the global top ten exporters of grain and one of the leading exporter of flour.
Exported goods are predominantly produced by the mining, fuel, power, metallurgical, chemical and grain industries. The main trade partners are Russia and other CIS countries, China and Europe.
The Baikonur Cosmodrome, the world’s first and largest space launch facility, is located in southern Kazakhstan and covers an area of 6.717 sq km. It was opened in 1957 upon completion of the first phase of construction works and the launch of the world’s first intercontinental ballistic missile – the R-7. Over 30 years, the Baikonur Cosmodrome expanded, with the development of launch pads for new types of missiles, assembly workshops, fueling stations, complexes for missile management and monitoring, as well as other facilities and infrastructure. The main launch site at the Baikonur Cosmodrome is launch site No.1, commonly known as Gagarin’s Start.
Stable growth of all economy sectors, political stability and international recognition became a basis for prosperity of Kazakhstan’s society
why kazakhstan?
Access to Markets
- A member of the WTO
- A member of the EAEU with preferential access to a common market comprising more than 180 million consumers
- A gateway to the neighbouring markets with over 500 million consumers
- 150 million Caspian Sea Countries
- 50 million Central Asian markets
- 300 million Western China
- Vast natural resources
Kazakhstan has a wealth of natural reserves
World’s leader in production of uranium
2-nd in explored reserves of chromium, lead and zinc
3-rd in explored reserves of manganese
5-th in explored reserves of copper
Top 10 in explored reserves of coal, iron and gold
Robust transport and communication infrastructure
Transport
Kazakhstan has 24 Airports (72 air corridors). The capital, Astana, hosts 126 international and 289 domestic flights to international financial centers such as Frankfurt, London, Dubai, Hong Kong, and Seoul. Direct flights to over 55 international destinations depart from Almaty International Airport weekly.
Kazakhstan accounts for 70% of transit traffic passing between China and Europe, as well as in other directions. Kazakhstan’s land transportation system enables transits from the southeastern provinces of China to Europe in a maximum of 15 days (3 times faster than sea transits).
Time-efficient cargo transportation
Western Europe – Western China Transcontinental Auto Expressway allows products to be shipped between China and Europe in just 10 days.
Sea Ports Aktau and Kuryk with a combined capacity of 27 million tonnes. Developed Sea Port infrastructure in other countries include Batumi (Georgia) and logistics terminal in the Pacific port of Lianyungang (China).
Telecommunications
Kazakhstan boasts the most advanced telecommunications infrastructure in Central Asia
Region’s highest internet penetration rate of 77% and extensive 4G network
Human Capital
Diverse Population
~20M people
~40% of population under 25 y.o.
The highest literacy rate in the region – 100%
Highly-skilled, cost effective workforce Average monthly wages:
$416 Kazakhstan, $549 Russia, $701 China
Visa-free regime for the citizens of 79 countries including all OECD members
128 higher education institutions, 8 of them are listed in the world’s best universities “QS Stars Development Road map” ranking 2018
BOLASHAK International Scholarship: Over 10 thousand specialists have been trained in the world’s top 100 universities
Government Incentives and Support
0% : 14 Special Economic Zones
- corporate income tax
- land tax
- customs duties
- value added tax on import products
- property tax
0% : 37 Industrial Zones
- Access to established infrastructure and digital networks
- Options for long-term leases and repayment schedules based on cadastral land value
- No sectoral restrictions
- Opportunity to conclude an investment contract with the government.
Investment Contract offers the following incentives:
- In-kind state grants (land plots, buildings, equipment, etc.)
- Exemption from customs duties and value added tax on import products
- Exemption from taxes
- Investment subsidies
Priority Sectors of the Economy
Machinery
Energy
Transport and Logistics
Mining and Metallurgy
Agriculture and food industry
Tourism
Chemistry and Petro-chemistry
Astana International Financial Centre
The Astana International Financial Center plays a key role as the regional business center and comprises 6 core pillars:
Capital markets
Asset management
Private banking
Islamic finance
Financial technology
Green finance
Advantages of AIFC
- AIFC offers special tax, visa and employment regimes
- English is the official language at the AIFC
- AIFC Court and International Arbitration Center (separate and independent from the Republic of Kazakhstan judicial system) provide a common law court system and operate to the highest international standards
Business starting:
How to Register a Legal Entity in Kazakhstan
The registration of a legal entity in Kazakhstan is conducted through the online platform eGov.kz or at the Public Service Centers (PSC).
Main Stages of Registration
- Determining the Organizational and Legal Form of the Legal Entity
It is necessary to determine the legal form under which the company will operate. The investor can choose between a commercial legal entity, such as a partnership or branch, depending on what will be most effective for the company’s activities.
The most common types are:
- LLP (Limited Liability Partnership) – the most popular option for small and medium-sized businesses.
- JSC (Joint Stock Company) – for large projects with the issuance of shares.
- Foundation, Association, Cooperative – for non-commercial activities.
- Choosing a Name
You can check the availability of the name through eGov.kz.
- Determining the Legal Address
The legal address is the location of the company (office, warehouse, or production facility). You need to provide:
- A document confirming ownership or lease (notarized lease agreement if the premises are not owned).
- Consent from the owner (if registering at someone else’s address).
- Formation of the Charter Capital
- For LLP – at least 100 Monthly Calculation Index (about 400,000 tenge or around $770 in 2025).
- For JSC – at least 50,000 Monthly Calculation Index (about 196 million tenge or around $380 in 2025).
- Collection and Submission of Documents
The standard package includes:
- Application (submitted via eGov).
- Receipt or other document confirming the payment of the registration fee for state registration (for large enterprises and JSCs).
- Decision to establish the company (or protocol of the founders’ meeting).
- Charter (for large enterprises and JSCs).
- Document confirming the legal address.
For registration of legal entities with foreign participation:
- A copy of the legalized extract from the trade register or another legalized document confirming that the foreign legal entity is valid according to the foreign country’s legislation, with a notarized translation into Kazakh and Russian.
- A copy of the passport or another identity document of the foreign founder, with a notarized translation into Kazakh and Russian, as well as a document confirming the right to register the commercial organization in the Republic of Kazakhstan in accordance with the Migration Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
- A document confirming the right to register the commercial organization in Kazakhstan according to the Migration Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan (business immigration visa or permit for temporary residence).
- State Registration Fee
The state registration of legal entities, as well as the registration of their branches and representative offices for small and medium-sized businesses, is free. For large enterprises, the fee is 9,885.38 tenge or around $20 (excluding VAT).
- Registration via eGovor PSC
- Online (eGov.kz) – suitable for LLPs with one founder, takes up to 1 business day.
- Through PSC – required for multiple founders or complex ownership structures, takes up to 5 days.
- Obtaining a BIN (Business Identification Number)
The BIN is automatically issued after company registration.
- Opening a Bank Account
To open a bank account, you need to provide the charter, registration certificate, and the director’s passport.
- Registration with Tax Authorities
- Selection of the tax regime (general, simplified, single land tax).
- Mandatory registration for VAT if the annual turnover exceeds the minimum threshold (over 20,000 Monthly Calculation Index, about 79 million tenge or around $153 560 in 2025) (Article 82, Clause 4 of the Tax Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan).
- Hiring Employees
- Employment contracts must be concluded.
- Registration with the Unified Accumulative Pension Fund (UAPF) and the Social Insurance Fund.
***Monthly Calculation Index – 3 932 tenge or $8
How to register as a taxpayer?
In accordance with the Standard of the state service “Registration of Taxpayers”, the acceptance of applications and the issuance of the result of the provision of the state service are carried out by the Tax Offices for districts, cities and districts in cities, on the territory of special economic zones through centers for receiving and processing information, as well as on the principle of “one window” using the e-government web portal.
Required documents.
To enter information about a non-resident into the state database of taxpayers (STDB NT):
- tax statement.
- List of documents in accordance with the Rules for the provision of the state service “Registration of taxpayers” .
To make changes and (or) additions to the registration data in the SDB NP:
- tax statement.
The result of the service
Issuance of a registration certificate in the form approved by the authorized body (when entering information about a non-resident, a foreigner or a stateless person, non-resident legal entities operating in the Republic of Kazakhstan through a permanent establishment without opening a branch, an insurance company or a dependent agent, diplomatic and equivalent to it representative office, consular office in the SDB NP). A document confirming the acceptance of a tax application for deregistration or a document refusing to accept a tax application for deregistration.
In what cases is a non-resident required to register as a taxpayer?
The Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On Taxes and Other Obligatory Payments to the Budget (Tax Code)” dated December 25, 2017 No. 120-VI, article 76 lists all the features of registering a non-resident as a taxpayer